Huizi Qian

The role of hydrogen cars in decarbonising transportation in the UK to meet net zero

Zero-emission cars (ZEVs) are essential to combating climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. This dissertation examines how hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) might complement battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to construct a robust and sustainable passenger automobile ecosystem in the UK. The study addresses adoption barriers, evaluates long-term uncertainties, and proposes strategic pathways for integrating HFCVs into the UK’s low-carbon transport strategy using an innovative multi-method qualitative framework that includes causal loop diagrams (CLDs), risk matrix, scenario analyses, and stakeholder evaluations. Critical resource shortages, electrical supply chain weaknesses, and insufficient charging infrastructure are major hazards for a BEV-only future. HFCVs have faster refuelling, longer driving ranges, independence from resource-constrained supply networks, and increased resilience to risks and hazards. This study’s unique contribution is its holistic, multi-dimensional risk paradigm that integrates technological, economic, policy, and societal elements to assess HFCVs’ potential to mitigate BEV-only future risks. To promote HFCV adoption, the dissertation recommends targeted hydrogen infrastructure expenditures, subsidy incentives, and technology advancement. This research supports UK net-zero objectives and worldwide sustainable mobility discourse by diversifying energy carriers and improving transport system resilience. These findings are essential for governments, industry leaders, and researchers seeking to speed the low-carbon transportation transition.